Table of Content:
Lidia Velkova
ECONOMIC SECURITY – FOUNDATION OF NATIONAL SECURITY
Abstract: The national security of the state depends on the level of economic security of the country. Therefore, the concept of national security of developed countries paid special attention to the issue of economic security. The essence, threats and elements of manifestation of economic security are examined and its role as a foundation in the overall construction of national security is presented.
Keywords: economic security, national security, internal and external economic environment, threats to economic security, economic role of the state, governance.
Boyan Durankev
MARKET ECONOMY AND DEMOCRACY IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Abstract: In the Bulgarian specialized literature, the market economy and democracy are considered as the two pillars of modern society. The market economy itself is assumed hypothetically as a field for free and fair competition of small and medium-sized enterprises. But the world has changed. There are three subjects of management in it: single-sector and transectoral corporations, as centers for the realization of private interests in a transnational aspect; the national state, as the center for the realization of public interests in a national and cross-sectoral aspect; The United Nations and the European Union, as a center for supranational management and coordination of transsectoral, national and transnational interests. Management left only at the "cellular" level (corporation) cannot satisfy the needs and requirements of the new realities. At the same time, national and transnational democracy is also changing, which is increasingly dominated by post-democratic institutions that have been emptied of democratic content. The new realities pose the question of national security, which is becoming increasingly uncertain.
Keywords: market economy, democracy, national security, governance; trans-sector corporation; nation state; United Nations, European Union.
Elitsa Petrova
Abstract: Over the years, the concepts of „management“, „command“, „leadership“, etc. have been used in the organizational context and in Bulgarian science as synonyms and even as interchangeable terms. Certainly the debate about the differences between them is relevant and true, but the debate about their interconnectedness and complementarity is also logical. It leads to the extraction of factual truths about the etymology and content of the mentioned phenomena, and the disclosure of the existing mutual relationship between them, as flowing into each other, and sometimes mutually contained and mutually constructed. An attempt to consider these phenomena, both in their entirety and in their interconnectedness, may prove useful and would allow the creation of a more complete picture of them.
Keywords: management, command, leadership.
Stoyko Stoykov
DILEMMA OF (UN)SECURITY AND THE ADDED VALUE OF SECURITY EDUCATION
Abstract: Nations do not trust each other because they are armed, and they are armed because they do not trust each other. The security dilemma is a major problem of the international state system, which is a result of its "anarchic" structure. Lack of trust is the main thing that brings uncertainty and stress and turns mutual fears and suspicions into a self-fulfilling prophecy. Every country needs sufficient and well-trained human resources to enhance its national security. Education must provide the appropriate competencies in every aspect of the national security.
Keywords: security, knowledge, management, competency, education, competences.
Vladimir Velichkov
Summary: The article analyzes problems of education in Bulgaria and the dependencies of the various categories of security on it. It is suggested that the educational process be built on a systemological basis for reliable development of systems thinking in learners. This increases personal security, preserves curiosity, increases success rate. A more favorable basis is created for specialized education, which increases security in all areas. The problems of introducing such an approach and their possible solution are analyzed.
Keywords: education, security, systemology, systems thinking, educational process.
Nikolay Radulov
Summary: The Smart Border combines high-tech tools and solutions aimed at detecting violations of international borders, while integrating them with well-trained border security experts.
Keywords: Security ecosystem 4.0, digital transformations, technological transformations, smart security, smart border, drones, artificial intelligence.
Ivan Stanchev
Abstract: The national security strategy of the Republic of Bulgaria does not include the concept of border security as a type or element in its general system. There is no legal definition of border security. By using the system approach, the presence of its own environment for functioning and internal organization is argued. Common goals and connections with more complex systems are also defined. Subsequently, after analysis and comparison with results of other studies, a definition of border security is synthesized.
Keywords: border; border security; National Security; threat; strategy; border spaces.
Stanimir Iliev, Georgi Kalaidgiev
THE VISA AS A MECHANISM OF IMMIGRATION CONTROL IN THE EU
Absract: The visa policy of Bulgaria is part of the common visa policy of the EU and Schengen. It has become the main tool for dealing with illegal migration, as the internal policy conducted in the area of freedom, security and justice provides guidelines for the Union's external relations with third countries. Priorities were set in the area of "return" and the conclusion of agreements with third countries, which are a major source of illegal migration, to readmit their nationals and the linking of these agreements to the Community's visa policy.
Keywords: Visa, illegal immigration, Schengen area, Common EU visa policy.
Ognyan Stoichkov
SPECIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CYBER SECURITY
Absract: The legal aspects of cyber security, as an element of national security, and the normative possibilities for using special intelligence means in this area have been studied. The trends in the development of legislation and the problem areas of regulated public relations are analyzed. Non-synchronized acts, with reduced effectiveness of implementation, have been found, in view of the dynamics of information technologies. The main conclusions and recommendations for improvement of the organization are formulated, with a view to the full use of special intelligence means for the protection of cyber security.
Keywords: special intelligence, national security, cyber security, criminal law, information technology.
Mladen Mladenov
THE POWER OF LAW AND THE POWER OF THE STATE
Absract: The power of law must be sought in multiple and different aspects. The law is created by the state to regulate in a universal and binding way all important social relations that are not regulated by other normative systems, or where points of conflict, disputes or risks of misunderstanding still exist. The power of law is as visible as the power of the state in its autonomy and sovereignty is unquestionable.
Keywords: power, law, state, regulator, values.
Lachezar Milushev
SPECIFICS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF A SECURITY SYSTEM IN SITES WITH MASS RESIDENCE OF PEOPLE
Abstract: The changing security environment increasingly brings out the risks of radicalization of large social groups and related acts of violence motivated by extremism and terrorism. The goals of the terrorist attacks are to instill fear among people through killings and injuries of civilians, as well as to attract media attention in order to propagate the ideology of extremism and terrorism. Targets of such kind of attacks mostly are poorly protected and densely populated buildings and facilities, i.e. “soft targets”. The security of such kind of places is essential to preserve life and health of people from criminal encroachments.
Keywords: Security, risk, heavily populated places, extremism, terrorism.
Valeri Ivanov, Michael Kozarski
THE GEOSTRATEGIC EFFECTS OF THE WAR IN UKRAINE AND THE IMMINENT TIE IN BETWEEN RUSSIA AND CHINA
Abstract: The authors of this article aim to reveal the new trends in the current changing global situation, as well as the abutments for the inevitable closer rapprochement of Russia and China in the context of the war in Ukraine. The ongoing disaccords between Russia and the EU in Europe, between China and the EU on the trade agreement, as well as the intervention of the US in the Pacific region, are included as concomitant factors in the process of establishment of a multipolar model worldwide by the new geopolitical players.
Keywords: geostrategy; Russia; China; multipolar world; geopolitical projects.
Erol Buyukliev
THE STRATEGIC RIVALRY BETWEEN THE USA AND CHINA IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Abstract: The report analyzes the rivalry and conflictual relationship between the US and China. the analysis brings out the leading global trends that influence the interdependence, rivalry and clash between the two countries. in addition, it points out the negative effects of the war in Ukraine from 24.02.2022 on the relationship between the United States and China. It focuses on the role and behavior of the USA as the only superpower and China as a country with the characteristics of a regional power that is perceived as a country as the main contender for dominance in the global security environment. The Analysis examines the process of confrontation for supremacy in the Indo-Pacific space in the context of the transformation of the Global Risk Society.
Keywords: strategic rivalry, USA, China, Conflict, Risk Society.
Svetoslav Yordanov
TYPOLOGY OF THE ILLICIT SOURCES OF TERRORIST FINANCING IN THE SAHEL REGION
Abstract: This report examines the illicit sources of terrorist financing in Sahel region. The paper focuses on illegal drug, arms and human trafficking, extortion, kidnapping, robbery and illegal exploitation of natural resources.
Keywords: terrorist financing, Sahel, drug trafficking, Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, Boko Haram, West Africa.
Teodora Licheva
BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES - INFORMATION SECURITY IN ARCHIVAL SCIENCE
Abstract: The research on the topic "Blockchain technologies -information security in archival science" is guided by the need for the system of state archives to be able to meet the modern needs of archival information users, individuals and legal entities. Modernization and up-to-date status of archives cannot happen without using new technologies. It is the blockchain system that is the path that the archives can follow in order to "catch up" with the delayed digitization and continue to fulfill their role as guardians of the documentary heritage of our country.
Keywords: blockchain technologies, information security in archival science.